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動力鋰電池和儲能電池的區別與聯系

山東埃爾派(pai) | 點擊量:0次 |   2020-03-18

摘要
動力鋰電池和儲能電池的區別與聯系
由于應用場景不同,電池的性能要求也有所不同。絕大多數儲能裝置無需移動,因此儲能鋰電池對于能量密度并沒有直接的要求。相對于動力鋰電

  動力鋰電池(chi)(chi)和儲能(neng)電池(chi)(chi)的(de)區別與(yu)聯系(xi)

  由于(yu)(yu)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)場景(jing)不(bu)同,電池(chi)的性能(neng)要(yao)求(qiu)也有(you)(you)(you)所(suo)不(bu)同。絕大(da)多數儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)裝置無需(xu)移動(dong)(dong),因此儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)鋰(li)電池(chi)對(dui)于(yu)(yu)能(neng)量(liang)密(mi)度并(bing)沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)直接的要(yao)求(qiu)。相對(dui)于(yu)(yu)動(dong)(dong)力鋰(li)電池(chi)而言(yan),儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)鋰(li)電池(chi)對(dui)于(yu)(yu)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽命有(you)(you)(you)更高的要(yao)求(qiu)。在(zai)成(cheng)本方面,動(dong)(dong)力鋰(li)電池(chi)面臨和(he)傳統燃油動(dong)(dong)力源的競爭,儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)鋰(li)電池(chi)則需(xu)要(yao)面對(dui)傳統調峰調頻技術的成(cheng)本競爭。電池(chi)是用(yong)(yong)(yong)來儲(chu)(chu)存電量(liang)的,從應用(yong)(yong)(yong)上來講(jiang),都(dou)是儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)的,因此可以說所(suo)有(you)(you)(you)的鋰(li)電池(chi)都(dou)是儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)電池(chi),后來為了區分應用(yong)(yong)(yong),按場景(jing)分為消(xiao)費電池(chi)、動(dong)(dong)力電池(chi)和(he)儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)電池(chi)三(san)種(zhong)。

  電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)是用(yong)來儲存電(dian)(dian)(dian)量的(de)(de),從應(ying)用(yong)上來講,都是儲能(neng)的(de)(de),因(yin)此可以說所有的(de)(de)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)都是儲能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi),后(hou)來為了區(qu)分應(ying)用(yong),按場景(jing)分為消(xiao)費電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)、動力電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)和儲能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)三(san)種。消(xiao)費類(lei)應(ying)用(yong)是在(zai)(zai)手機(ji)、筆記本(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦、數碼相機(ji)等消(xiao)費類(lei)產品,動力類(lei)應(ying)用(yong)在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車上,儲能(neng)類(lei)應(ying)用(yong)在(zai)(zai)儲能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站上。

  本文來源:弘揚太陽能微信號ID:HDsolar作者:劉繼(ji)茂

  動(dong)(dong)力電池(chi)(chi)其(qi)實也(ye)是儲能電池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)一種(zhong),主要(yao)(yao)(yao)應(ying)用(yong)于電動(dong)(dong)汽車(che),由于受(shou)到汽車(che)的(de)(de)體積和重量(liang)限制以及啟動(dong)(dong)加速(su)等要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu),動(dong)(dong)力電池(chi)(chi)比普通(tong)的(de)(de)儲能電池(chi)(chi)有更(geng)高的(de)(de)性(xing)能要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu),如(ru)能量(liang)密(mi)度要(yao)(yao)(yao)盡量(liang)高,電池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)充電速(su)度要(yao)(yao)(yao)快,放(fang)電電流要(yao)(yao)(yao)大(da),但(dan)普通(tong)儲能電池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)沒(mei)有這么高,根據標準,動(dong)(dong)力電池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)容量(liang)低于80%就不(bu)能再用(yong)在新能源汽車(che)了,但(dan)稍加改造,還可以用(yong)在儲能系統中(zhong)。

  從應用(yong)(yong)場景來看,動力鋰(li)電池主要用(yong)(yong)于電動汽車、電動自行車以及其它電動工具領域(yu),而儲能(neng)鋰(li)電池主要用(yong)(yong)于調(diao)峰調(diao)頻電力輔助服(fu)務、可再生能(neng)源并網(wang)和微(wei)電網(wang)等領域(yu)。

  由于應用(yong)場景不同,電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)性能(neng)(neng)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)也有所不同。首先(xian),動力(li)鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)作為(wei)移動電(dian)源,在安(an)全的(de)(de)前提下對(dui)于體積(和(he)質量(liang))能(neng)(neng)量(liang)密度盡(jin)可能(neng)(neng)有高的(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu),以達到(dao)更為(wei)持久的(de)(de)續航能(neng)(neng)力(li)。同時,用(yong)戶還(huan)希(xi)望電(dian)動汽車能(neng)(neng)夠安(an)全快充(chong)(chong),因此(ci)動力(li)鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)對(dui)于能(neng)(neng)量(liang)密度和(he)功率密度都有較高的(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu),只是因為(wei)出于安(an)全性考慮,目前普遍采(cai)用(yong)1C左右充(chong)(chong)放(fang)電(dian)能(neng)(neng)力(li)的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)型電(dian)池(chi)。

  絕大(da)多數儲能裝置無需移動,因此儲能鋰(li)電池(chi)對于能量密(mi)度(du)(du)并沒有(you)直接的(de)要求。至于功率密(mi)度(du)(du),不同的(de)儲能場景有(you)不同的(de)要求。

  用(yong)(yong)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)力調峰、離網型(xing)光伏(fu)儲能(neng)或(huo)(huo)用(yong)(yong)戶側的(de)峰谷價差儲能(neng)場景,一(yi)般需(xu)要儲能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)連(lian)續(xu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)或(huo)(huo)連(lian)續(xu)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)兩個小(xiao)時(shi)以(yi)上,因此適(shi)合(he)(he)采用(yong)(yong)充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)倍率≤0.5C的(de)容量型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi);對(dui)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)力調頻或(huo)(huo)平滑(hua)可(ke)再生(sheng)能(neng)源波(bo)動的(de)儲能(neng)場景,需(xu)要儲能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在秒級至分鐘(zhong)級的(de)時(shi)間段(duan)快速(su)充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian),所以(yi)適(shi)合(he)(he)≥2C功率型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong);而在一(yi)些同時(shi)需(xu)要承擔調頻和(he)調峰的(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)場景,能(neng)量型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)會更適(shi)合(he)(he)些,當(dang)然,這種場景下也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)將功率型(xing)與容量型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)配合(he)(he)一(yi)起使用(yong)(yong)。

  相(xiang)對(dui)于動力(li)鋰電池(chi)而(er)言,儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)鋰電池(chi)對(dui)于使(shi)用壽(shou)命(ming)(ming)有更高的(de)要求。新能(neng)(neng)源汽車(che)的(de)壽(shou)命(ming)(ming)一般在5-8年,而(er)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)項目(mu)的(de)壽(shou)命(ming)(ming)一般都希望(wang)大于10年。動力(li)鋰電池(chi)的(de)循(xun)環次數壽(shou)命(ming)(ming)在1000-2000次,而(er)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)鋰電池(chi)的(de)循(xun)環次數壽(shou)命(ming)(ming)一般要求能(neng)(neng)夠大于3500次。

  在成本(ben)方面(mian),動(dong)力(li)鋰電(dian)池面(mian)臨和傳(chuan)統燃(ran)油動(dong)力(li)源的(de)競(jing)爭,儲(chu)(chu)能鋰電(dian)池則需要(yao)面(mian)對傳(chuan)統調峰(feng)調頻(pin)技術(shu)的(de)成本(ben)競(jing)爭。另外,儲(chu)(chu)能電(dian)站的(de)規模基本(ben)上(shang)都是兆瓦(wa)級別以(yi)上(shang)甚至(zhi)百(bai)兆瓦(wa)的(de)級別,因此儲(chu)(chu)能鋰電(dian)池的(de)成本(ben)要(yao)求(qiu)比動(dong)力(li)鋰電(dian)池的(de)成本(ben)更(geng)低,安全(quan)性(xing)也要(yao)求(qiu)更(geng)高。

  動力鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)與儲能(neng)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)有一(yi)些區(qu)別(bie),但(dan)從電(dian)(dian)(dian)芯上(shang)看,都(dou)是一(yi)樣的,都(dou)可以(yi)采(cai)用(yong)磷酸(suan)鐵鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)和三元鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi),主要(yao)差別(bie)在于BMS電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)管理系統,電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的功率(lv)響應速(su)度和功率(lv)特性、SOC估算精度,充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)特性等,都(dou)可以(yi)在BMS上(shang)去(qu)實現。

  中科某鋰(li)電新能(neng)源有限(xian)公司,該(gai)公司主(zhu)要從事(shi)鋰(li)離子(zi)動(dong)力電池(chi)正極材(cai)(cai)料(liao)磷酸鐵(tie)鋰(li)生(sheng)產(chan)、銷售;電池(chi)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)、納米(mi)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)、粉(fen)體材(cai)(cai)料(liao)的技術(shu)開發。該(gai)公司采購了(le)我(wo)公司多套(tao)CSM510-VD系列鋰(li)電材(cai)(cai)料(liao)粉(fen)碎(sui)機。

  代加(jia)(jia)工(gong)設備(bei)根據物(wu)料(liao)需(xu)要采(cai)用不(bu)同(tong)的內(nei)襯材料(liao),從入料(liao)端到(dao)出料(liao)端完(wan)全(quan)金(jin)屬(shu)隔(ge)離,金(jin)屬(shu)異物(wu)的增加(jia)(jia)量(liang)控制在PPM級別,在材質和內(nei)部防護手(shou)段上(shang)均可(ke)達到(dao)對加(jia)(jia)工(gong)物(wu)料(liao)零污染的標(biao)準。對于韌性(xing)、粘性(xing)、熱敏(min)性(xing)或其他有特殊(shu)需(xu)求(qiu)的物(wu)料(liao),埃爾派可(ke)提(ti)供(gong)多(duo)種加(jia)(jia)工(gong)環境(jing)和加(jia)(jia)工(gong)手(shou)段,全(quan)方位滿足客戶需(xu)求(qiu)。

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